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' A^neiHcan Nexvs Compatiy^ Agents^ New york\
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No. 65
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Base Ball, Cricket, Archery, and Lacrosse Caps.
THE
BOOK OF EULES
OF THB GAME Ol'
As adopted and played by the English Football Associations.
compiled and edited by
Honorary Secretary of the Football Association, London,
Expressly for the Benefit of the American Colleges, Etc,
NEW YORK :
' "' : No. 126 NASSAU STREET.
according to Act of Congress in the year ]87} , fey Pbck & Snyihsr, in the office of
the T librarian of Congress, at Washington.
PREFACE.
To supply an acknowledged want in tbe Colleges and Schools
throughout the United States, the Publishers issue this, the first
book on Football, Styles of Playing, etc., ever published in this
country. Football is called " the National Winter game " in
England, and why not here ? It is a healthy, invigorating amuse-
ment, and yet so simple that any boy may understand the rules.
This handbook has been carefully edited and compiled by the best
EngHsh author on the game — himself a professional player — who
has placed nothing but facts before our readers.
To meet the requirements and as an assistance to gentlemen
of the various Colleges and Schools throughout the country, in
framing laws for their guidance, we have printed the rules of the
principal University Clubs in England.
We also import and keep on hand a full line of the Eugby
Match Balls, and all goods connected with the game.
Communications of interest on the subject of Football will be
welcomed by us and published in later editions.
Yours respectfully,
PECK & SNYDER.
COIS^TEN'TS.
Page.
PlLEFACB 3
Hints on the Two Styles or Foot Ball Play (Eugby Game)... 5
XiAws OF THE Game oe the Pbincipal Clubs in England :
The Foot Ball Association... 14
Sheffield Foot Ball Association 16
Eaton College 17
Winchester College 19
Eugby School 22
Harrow School 27
Cheltenham College 29
How to Kick .s,»,. 31
How to Kick the Ball «.o. .i.w>«^ 32
Hints job Young Beginners .^,.r »>, "3
Pkices of Foot Ball and Gymnasium ^ )^|s' sic - 6
HINTS ON THE TWO STYLES OF FOOTBALL PLAY.
THE EUGBY GAME.
The ground should be about 140 yards long by 70 broad between the lines
of goal, and should extend to a distance of twenty yards or so behind them, so
as to allow plenty of space for a run in, when the ball has to be touched down
behind goal. From each goal a line is cut in the turf to the edge of the
ground ; all behind on this line is in goal. A similar line is cut on each side of
the ground, called the line of touch, on passing over which the ball is out of play.
Behind the touch-line^ and also behind the goal-line^ is touch-in-goaif where the
ball is given up to the defending side to start afresh. The goals are upright
posts of indefinite height — from 15 to 16 feet being perhaps the best — with a
cross-bar 10 feet from the ground joining them, over which the ball must be
kicked to score a goal. The posts should be 18 ft. 6 in. apart, We will sup-
pose that the match to be played is a House Match, in which the best twenties
of two boarding houses are engaged. In all probability each captain arranges
his men as follows : Two of the best at starting quickly and dodging, he places
" half-back " to play about ten yards behind thq scrummages, and get away
with the ball at top speed directly it makes its appearance through the forest
of legs ; about twenty yards in rear of the half-backs are three " backs, " adepts
at running, "tackling," and drop-kicking, for they form the last hope of the
side ; the remaining fifteen players are " forwards, " following up close on the
ball, and forming a scrummage round it whenever it is held and cannot be run
with. There is no goal-keeper in a Eugby match, as the ball has to be kicked
over and not under a fixed height, and his services would be useless ; conse-
quently every man on either side is in active play throughout the game.
Winning the toss gives choice of goals, or, if the winner has no choice, he may
take kick-off, and leave his opponent to choose the goal he prefers. Kick-off'
must be a place-kick from the centre of the ground, the ball being kicked from
the ground, where it res'.s in a small nick made by the heel, and the opposing
side may not come within 10 yards of it. Both sides being ready, the ball is
kicked off high in air, to allow of the side getting as close to the " backs " ss;
possible before one of them has caught it, and can take his drop or get well off
round to the touch-line, and so away < at of dangerous proximity to the goal-
He is a little too quick for them though, and sends the ball flying back Over
their heads to one of their *' half-backs, " who, before he can get into his stride,
is tackled by three or four opponents at once, and brought to the ground with a
run. The "forwards" of each side hurry up, and a scrummage is instantly
formed: each' fifteen facing their opponents' goal, packed round the ball
shoulder to shoulder, leg to leg, as tight as they can stand, the thirty thus
forming a round compact mass with the ball in the middle. Directly the
holder of the .ball has succeeded in forcing it down to the ground, he
shouts " Down, " and business may be commenced at once. Each fifteen, being
bent on driving the ball thiougn the ranks ol their opponents, set to work to
push, struggle and kick, forcing if possible a passage through which the ball
may emerge : out it comes at last, kicked straight into the hands of an active
half-back, who gets away round the scrummage and dodges the nearest half-back
of his opponents before the " forwards " have extricated themselves from the
crush. He is not destined, however, to make any further progress towards the
enemy's quarters, for the centre man of the three "backs" is upon him, and,
tackling him fairly round the waist, gives him no chance of escape or passing
the ball, so that he is fain to cry, 'Mia ve it down, " without further delay.
Another scrummage is formed similar to the first, but the place is now nearer
the line of touch, and the ball emerging at the side is driven over the line and
touched down by one of the half-backs.
The two sides now form in lines facing each other, and stretching from
touch far out into the ground, and the ball is thrown out from the touch-line
on a level with the spot where it first touched the ground when kicked out of
play. If the player who catches it can run with it, so much the better for his
side, but as a rule the players are so tightly crushed together that a dozen pairs
of arms are round the catcher's neck immediately, and he is compelled to cry
'* Have it down. " From this scrummage the ball is driven out in front of goal,
where a wily back is awaiting it, and has it under his arm in an instant ;
making the best of his opportunity and speed of foot, the forty yards that
separate him from the enemy's goal-line are soon passed, and, having escaped
the clutches of the nearest back by an adroit dodge, he grounds the ball in
triumph between the goal-posts. From such a touch-down a goal is almost a
foregone conclusion. To non- Rugbeians the process of taking the ball out and
effecting a kick at goal seems rather complicated, but once learnt it can
never be forgotten. The side who have gained the touch-down retire, and
depute two of their players to take the ball out. The one who is to kick the
ball brings it up to the line of goal in a straight line from where it was touched
down. « When touched down between the posts it may be taken to either, but
fiot between ; inside the line he makes a mark with his heel, and touches the ball
down upoTi it. He then, still keeping inside the line, retires a pace or two from
his mark, for from this his opponents may stretch out and "maul" him if they
can, and kicks the ball gently off his toe into the hands of his companion, who
is standing directly opposite him, only just outside the goal-line, to receive it.
This man instantly makes a mark with his heel as near to goal as possible, and
from this last mark the two players proceed straight out into the ground, and
when they have reached a- convenient spot for a place-kick, the kicker makes a
small nick for the ball to rest in, and, on a level with this, the rest of the side
form a line stretching away in front of the enemy's goal-line, behind which
their opponents are arranged in like manner, intently watching the holder of
the ball. He, with one knee on the groimd, holds it just off the grass, waiting
for the kicker's sign before grounding it. Directly he places it in the 'mark,
the opponents may charge, and try and maul the kicker, or touch the ball on
its way to goal, in which case no goal is scored, even though the ball go fairly
over the cross-bar, and if any other player on the attacking side touch the ball
after it has been kicked into the placer's hands, their opponents may instantly
charge and maul. If a goal is obtained, the sides change over to try their
.luek.from a fre^h position, when the side who lost the goal kick off from the
middle of the ground as at the commeheemoat of the match. If the try is a
feulnre, the defenders may run with the ball out of goal if they can, but in the
majority of cases they are so hemmed in by the attacking party that they are
compelled to touch it down, in which case the opposing side retire, and one of
the side who touched it down takes it out not further than the 25 yards' post
and " drops" it. But if the ball when so " dropped" pitch in touch, and so
out of the ground, it must be brought back, and the kick be taken again. In
the case of a player who is "running in" being tackled by one or more
opponents outside goal, and carried over the line by the scrummage, only
those who are touching the ball with their hands may remain in the maul, and
when a player has once released his hold of the ball, he may not again enter
the maul or attempt to join in the play, under penalty of being dragged out by
his opponents. On the other hand, if a player running-in is tackled inside the-
goal-line, only the player who first tackles him, or if two or three tackle him
simuUaneously, may join in the maul.
Of all rules in the Rugby code, there are none that require to be mora
strictly observed than those relating to " off-side." Disregard of these funda-
mental rules will completely nullify all the science and spoil all the spirit of
the Rugby game. At Rugby summary proceedings may be taken with a player
off his side who attempts to interfere with the play in any way ; the rule being
that a player ** off-side " is to consider himself as out of the game, and is not
to touch the ball in any case whatever (either in or out of touch), or in any
way obstruct any player or interrupt the play. A player off his side is on side
when the ball has been kicked, touched, or run with (5 yards) by any player
on the opponents' side. The rule is considered of the very first importance,,
and an infringement of it is very rarely seen in matches at Rugby.' The dis-
tinguishing feature of the Rugby game lies of course in the rule that the ball
may be carried if taken on the bound, and when not touching the ground. It
is not lawful to take up the ball when roUing, as distinguished from bounding,
and whenever the ball is unfairly taken up, it must be brought back to the
spot where it wast|;aken up and put down again. It is not lawful to pick up
the ball off the ground (except in touch, or after it has been touched down in
goal, to take it out) for any purpose whatever. Hacking is a point that cannot
be too lightly passed over, as with many it has gone a long way towards the
depreciation of the Rugby game. There is no rule for hacking, as some ha\ c
erroneously supposed, though there are clauses to control the practice.
To imagine that the Rugby rules can be learnt and put into practice by a
mere perusal or knowledge of the laws of the code is to commit a great mis-
take, and this will be ^und to be the case by any one who plays the carrying
game for the first time. And for this very reason it is a matter of no slight
diffic ulty to put upon paper any hints on the practice of the Rugby game.
To play well, a thorough knowledge of the working of these rules is indispen-
sible, and when once the game, in all its branches, is understood from
experience, common sense and perception will avail more than any written
directions, in bringing a player to an accurate understanding of what to do
and how to do it. The following brief directions may however, in some
instances, prove of service to captains and players generally : A captain of a
twenty (for this is by far the best number for a side in a Rugby match) should
select from his men five of the beat at drop-kicking, running, dodging, and
tackling, two to act as half-backs and the remainder as backs. They must be
the most active players on the side, always on the alert, for a moment's hesita-
8
iion in an emergency has often lost a match. They must each choose the«r
aide (right or left) of the scrummage, to which they must keep throughout the
game, or they will be continually trying to take the same hall, and so put eack
other out, and do more harm than good. But they must not he content with
watching for the appearance of the ball on their side of the scrummage only,
hut they must follow it up directly it is driven through by their forwards, and
do their best to tackle their opponents' " half-backs " before they can pass il^
back or get off with it round to either side. Whenever the ball goes into
tcuch, the half-back nearest the touch-line must stand up there just behind the
line of forwards, to prevent the further progress of any opponent who takes
advantage of a gap in the line in front of him to get through with the ball ;
the other half-back should go far out, at the very extremity of the line of for-
wards, and there be on the look-out for the ball, if thrown far out of touch.
Of all places in the game, that of half-back is most responsible, and requires
the greatest coolness and quickness, combined with the best judgment.
The three "backs" should play in a semicircle, about five-and-twenty or
thirty yards in rear of the half-backs, whom they have to back up and relieve
of the ball when hard pressed by opponents. Directly the ball is driven past
their half-backs, one of them, who is nearest to it, must rush in to meet it,
pick it up and run with it if it is bounding, or place-kick it if only rolling
along the ground, his two companions supporting him in case of his failing.
If an opponent has got well off with the ball, and has passed the half-backs,
one of the backs sho aid drop to the rear, while the others rush in to tackle
him, so that, in case of his giving up the idea of trying to pass them, and
^taking his "drop" instead, there will still be a " back" in reserve, to receive
the ball when kicked over his companions' heads. When the play is in danger-
ous proximity to their own goal, the backs and half-backs should in no case
keep the ball in front of goal, if they can possibly get it away to the sides,
though a back on the right side of goal should never run acrj^ss the ground in
front of goal to get away to the left. Thus, if a ball is in their half of the
ground, they should always be anxious to carry it away to the sides, whence a
drop-kick or run will not seriously imperil their goal; but when in the half
defended by their opponents, every effort should contrariwise be made to bring
the ball directly in front of the enemy's goal-posts. It is not so essential that
backs should be fast at starting, as good runners when once well under weigh,
as in nearly every case they will get- a start of a few yards, their opponents
driving the ball towai-ds them. A back-player should always make sure of his
^* drop," without a chance of his being charged down ; let him run as far as he
can, and pass as many players as he can, but as a general rule he should finish
up his run with the longest " drop " he can take. A back or half-back run-
ning to the left cannot drop with his ri^ht leg, so those who are best at left
leg kicking should take the left side of the ground.
There is no goal- keeper in a Kugby match, the backs being the last hope of
the side — no one stands still with nothing to do, both backs and half-backs fol-
lowing up at their relative distances from the mass of forwards. There are
very few remarks to be made to forwards, their duty being to work together in
a body behind the ball, taking it through the ranks of their opponents in the
scrummages hj weight and skill combined, and following it up doggedly, not
waiting for wind, but struggling on in spite of all obstacles to keep close to the
tall. The highest praise that can be conferred on a Eugby forward, is con-
9
,eyea in the words, few and simple, "He's always on the ball." Forwards
should always remember how much the absence of even a single player is felt
in a twenty-a-side match, when it comes to a tough struggle in. front of goal,
and a captain finds his forwards not up to time after the punishing work in the
last scrummage. There are exceptional cases when the forwards should not
be so eager to drive the ball through a scrummage ; for instance, when a side
has taken the ball up into the heart of the enemy's quarters, and a scrummage
is formed about twenty yards or so in front of the goal-posts, the forwards of
the attacking side should not resist so vigorously the weight of their opponents,
as the ball, if driven through, must go straight to one of the half-backs or
backs, who will then have an easy chance of dropping a goal or running in.
On the ball going into touch close up to the opponents' goal-line, the forwards
should spread out well, their line stretching away as far as possible towards the
centre of the ground, so that if one of their side gets the ball in touch, he may
throw it well out, and thus bring the play in front of the enemy's goal. Of
eourse, if one of the defending party touches the ball down he wiU throw it
only a few yards out, so as not to imperil his quarters. In all cases it is
necessary for a forward on either side to stand up to one of his opponents, as
the ball will be always thrown to any one who, through having no opponents
facing him, has a fair chance of getting away with it through the line. A for-
ward on being tackled, if he find it impossible to get free at once or to pass
the ball back to one of his own side, should cry, " Have it down," without loss
of time in mauling, which is far too prevalent in the majority of matches
played round London. A scrummage should be formed as compactly as pos-
sible, every man pressing fijmly on the man in front of him, bodies and legs
close together, so as to form a firmly packed mass to resist thfe weight of a like
mass of opponents. Some players are given to putting their heads down in a
scrummage so as to look after the ball the better, but it is a plan not to be com-
mended . as it loosens the mass — a man with his head dbwn taking up tho space
of two.^>The great point to be aimed at being to stop the progress of the ball
towards one's own quarters, the first thing that a player should do after having
tackled an opponent carrying the ball, is to hold the ball. Holding the plaj-er
alone is of no use, as he will forthwith pass or throw the ball back to another
of his side, who will be ofl" at top speed long before you can get near him.
There are few greater mistakes than that of making a fair catch in front of
one's Own goal, for the opposing side will come up to your mark with their
backs and half-backs spread out behind them, so that even a good drop will fail
to get the ball out of danger, whilst a shooter will result in a rush of the for-
wards carrying the ball straight before them over the goal-line.
Players generally, and backs and half-backs in particular, should always
remember that it is infinitely better to be tackled than to ruif back losing
ground towards one's own goal in an attempt to elude an opponent. It is
common enough to see a player get the ball out of touch and take it right
across the ground to the opposite touch-line, losing ground all the way, owing
to his being close pressed by his opponents. He may run well and escape their
hands till he runs into touch on the opposite side of the ground, only to find'
that the ball is ten yards nearer his own line of goal than it was when he
started.fJHe has.done no good, but, on the contrary, a great deal of harm, and
it would have been far better for him to have stopped and attempted to dodge
his opponents, or to have taken his drop directly he found himself losing
10
grouna. Some players are, howeyer, rather too much given to thinking that the
longer they run the better, not considering in what direction they are going,
^jid, lastly, a player should never think of trying to hack an opponent over or
to trip him up when carrying the ball, if there is the very remotest chance of
stopping him by tackling. Tackling is always far the safer plan, and even if
the runner is not stopped, the slightest check he may receive by being held for
an instant by the sleeve of his jersey or one of his hands, puts him out of his
stride, hinders his running, and gives a chance to others of the opposing side to
get up to him and prevent his getting away again with the ball.
ON THE ASSOCIATION BULES.
Football is a game which, from the very nature of its constitution, neces-
sitates the undivided attention of every player engaged, be he great or small, fast
or slow, whether his post be one of the greatest importance, or whether the
position assigned to him be one of general utility. Unlike Cricket, where, with
an adverse fate, it may happen that for hours one may be suffering from the
ennui consequent on the protracted stay made by two batsmen, or the occupancy
of some position in the field whereunto the ball never comes. Football affords
scope and latitude for, nay, requires, the most unremitting zeal of every par-
ticipator in the sport from the very commencement until the finish of the game.
Every player would do well to remember that the BmsiWeBt faux pas on the part
of any single individual at a critical moment might influence and decide the
-whole fortunes of a match, and any remissness or want of energy during the
course of the play might enable the opposite side to convert into a drawn game
what might, perhaps, with more assiduity on the part of the assailants, have
proved a reverse. -First, then, let me impress on all the absolute necessity of
** playing up " throughout the game, a piece of advice which appeals as forcibly
to the most practiced exponents of Football art, as to the veriest tyro in the
Tisages of the sport. " What thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might, " is
^n axiom which may, without undergoing the charge of profanity, prove useful
advice on this point. Where victory depends so much on the unison with
which each member of a body works, as in the case of a Football team, it behoves
all to strain every nerve to contribute to the joint success. > Each player rep-
resents a component part of a huge machine which cannot work to any purpose
without the co-operation of every minute particle associated in its composition,
and which is thrown into disorder on the first case of negligence, or the most
trifling flaw in any portion of the works. To play for his side, and not for
individual fame and glory, as is too often the case, even with the most popular
performers, ought to be the North Star of the young players' aspirations.
How often has the thorough co-operation of the various members of a side,
boasting of no especial players of repute, overcome the disorganized attacks of
an enemy richer in individual skill. A game is never lost until it is won, and
at any time the fickle goddess, Fortune, may smile on the efiorts of the deserv-
ing. "Play up" until the last moment, and never relax the energy of your
attack, always sacrificing your own peisonal gratification to the general weal,
is, in my opinion, the first and golden rule of Football — a rule which is too often
iost sight of in the eager thirst after the applause of the "gallery, " always
showered down on *' flashy" play. Any one who has watched Football games
with any degree of care will have noticed how few players seem to consider
a»d study the welfare of the side to which they belong; -how rarely it iathat a
player when in possession of the ball ever thinks of passing it on to one of his
own party, even .when harrassed by several enemies ; how exceptional are the
instances of a player "dribbling" the ball along the side of the ground, kicking
it into the centre, and thus transferring his hopes of success to some fellow-
struggler, who has, perhaps, been cautiously watching every movement of the
ball in order to take advantage of some weak point in the enemy's armor.
Second only, perhaps, in importance to the mainspring of Football, as I consider
** playing up," is the grand and essential principle of "backing up. ' By
** backing up," of course I shall be understood to mean the following closely
on a fellow-player to assist him, if required, or to take on the ball in case of his
being attacked, or othei-wise prevented from continuing his onward course,
and no better exainple of the strength of an eleven, entirely formed by the
excellent backing up of all its members, can be produced than that presented
by the Carthusians, who have for some years enjoyed a reputation for general
effectiveness second to no school in the neighborhood of the metropolis.
In a game like that adopted by the Association success is sure to wait in
some degree on the side which shows the most unity of action, as the play is in
many cases too fast to develop thoroughly the most brilliant points of a team
dependent on the success which may attend the effort of any individual member
or members. A really first class player (I am now addressing myself solely to
those who play up) will never lose sight of the ball, at the same time keeping
his attention employed in spying out any gaps in the enemy's ranks, or any
weak points in the defence, which may give him a favorable chance of arriving
at the coveted goal. To see some players guide and steer a ball through a circle
of opposing legs, twisting and turning as occasion requires, is a sight not to
be forgotten, and this faculty or aptitude for "dribbling" or guiding the ball
often places a slow runner on an equal footiilg with one much speedier of foot.
Speed is not an indispensible ingredient in the formation of a " good dribbler,"
though undoubtedly, fleetness of foot goes far to promote success ; still, young
players may be reminded that the race is not always to the swift, and not to be
discouraged by the superiority in speed of any companion or opponent. Skill in
dribbling necessitates something more than ago-ahead, fearless, headlong on-
slaught on the enemy's citadel ; it requires an eye quick at discovering a weak
point, and a " nous" to calculate and decide the chances of a successful passage.
One of the greatest eye-sores to a first-class player is the too prevalent habit of
" dribbling" the ball down the side of -the ground, or skirting the bounds of
the touch-line to the neglect of some more favorable route. Unless when ab-
solutely necessary, as is often the case, a forward player ought ever to avoid
diverting the game from the centre of the ground, on which the success of
the contest obviously depends. It is an achievement of very rare occurrence
to secure a goal with a kick from any remote corner of the ground, as it is
obviously easier for the defending side to repulse a charge with their goal in
comparative freedom, than when their lines are in jeopardy, and the fight
raging in the very centre of their goal-sticks. I would always advise forward
players to shun, as much as possible, the outskirts of the ground, and rather to
aim at the main channel which leads to the opposite goal, as this line of caution
in the long run is more likely to achieve the desired end than the abortive
attempts made by a series of runs or kicks from the side lines.
Charging is a point on which great misapprehension prevails with those
who have not yet finished their term of apprenticeship at Football. Injudicioufi
12
cliarging is one of tlie greatest errors in which a player can indulge, as nothing
is more calculated to produce a heavy fall and consequent twist than this prin-
ciple of wild, heedless, attack. To charge well is a point of advantage which
Tecommenda itself to the weakest intellect, and to be an adept at charging
xequires something more than weight. From the nature of their game most
Harrovians are good chargers, thrusting well from their shoulders, which are
usually kept rather depressed, while they also have a happy (?) way of intro-
ducing an auxiliary thrust with the hip, which is undeniably successful, teste the
sudden downfall of many a young Westminister and Carthusian. Prudence
demands that charging should be administered, like many other disagreeable
potions, in moderation, and that all recklessness in this line should be severely
reprehended. Except in cases of absolute necessity, I (and the experience of
late interviews with the scales has taught me that I have little to fear on the
score of weight) would always avoid a charge, if possible, as I have invariably
found that the shaking that ensues often seriously interferes with your pro-
gress, and a more important advantage may often be gained by eluding and
circumventing the obstacle which faces you. "When compelled to bear the
brunt of a hostile meeting, remember bis duty qui cito dat, and if possible have
the first shot ; keep your body well set, your elbows tight, your shoulders and
hip acting well in concert, and you will have taken the best precautions for the
prevention of a collision with Mother Earth. And now for a few words of
admonition to goal-keepers, on whose presence of mind depends in no little
measure the success or defeat of a side. A back-player ought essentially to be
a good kick, a fast runner, destitute of every vestige of "funk, " and quick of
action, as on the last-named recommendation frequently hangs the well-being
of a goa^. , A good back-player ought studiously to watch the position of the
members of his side, in order to pass the ball on to the most favored in posi-
tion or as often happens, to some companion who occupies a post of vantage
isolated from the rest, and so more able to secure an advantage from the
enemy. This plan is more conducive to success than the custom of driving
the ball as far as possible into the enemy's quarters. It is often politic to lift
the ball just over the head of the enemy's advance guard, and this course will
often be productive of good effect in transferring the combat into distant
quarters. Procrastination, to quote the well-remembered headings of the copy-
books, is dangerous, especially on the part of a goal-keeper, who ought always
io return the ball without delay ; dribbling ought to constitute a capital crime,
and he should be especially chary of risking the safety of his goal by a hostile
charge. If practicable a goal -keeper might with advantage be appointed the
captain of a side, as his position furnishes him with a better opportunity for
watching and directing the movements of a body than a " forward, " who
naturally loses sight of those in the rear, while the goal-keeper having the play
chiefly before him, can with more promptitude marshal and manoeuvre his
ai-m V. * The best method of placing a field, according to the game adopted by
the Association, is as follows: One player should be stationed in the very centre
of the goal, in order to save it in case the outer lines of defence have been
]»assed by the enemy, the extreme width of the space rendering such a course
in most instances absolutely necessary. The man selected to occupy this post
should be an. adept at catching — cool, and not prone to be flurried ; and should
the task prove a thankless one and free from all chances of attack, it would be
advisable at times to relieve the sentinel by the substitution of another player.
13
It is usual to have two back players, or as they are termed at Harrow, first
and second base-keepers, the latter usually occupying a position akin to that of
the " flying-man " at Eton, who hovers about the outside of the main body,
waiting, Micawber-like, for something to turn up, while on the former rests
the responsibility of repelling the attacks made on the goal of which he is the
defender. The more forward of the two or '' half-back, " more Buffbeiensi,
ought to have the option of "dribbling " or kicking at his discretion, while the
" back " ought never to stand on the order of kicking, but kick at once. Some
clubs have two players to represent the wings of the army, flanking each side^
while others depute only one to each side. The former plan is, in my opinion,
the more preferable, as often the wings receive the wlMile brunt of the attack,
and four ** forwards " backed up by this solid body, are amply suffieient as the
light brigade, or advance guard of the besieging party. Of course these rules
are liable to alterations according as circumstances demand an offensive or de-
fensive style of play. When contending against weak opponents it Is politic
to bring the goal-keeper (I mean the player stationed between the sticks) up ta
the front, while, on the other hand, an uphill or defensive game, it will readilj
be seen, will be materially improved by deputing the second base or " half-
back " to act solely on the defensive. The disadvantage of a strong wind will
be considerably lessened by strengthening the numbers placed on the wind-
ward side. Football, however, is of such a Protean nature, that it is difficiilt
to offer a prescription for all the different phases of the game, which can only
be gained by the crucial test of experience. I will merely therefore remark
%^2X to ■phi.y with the feet IB the main object of Association Football. Handi
should not and must not be used. Difficult at first it may seem, but the abo»»
lition of handling and patting the ball will be found in ©very sense eonduciT^
to a better and more scientific game.
lAWS OF THE GAME OF THE PRINCIPAL CLTIBS, IVBLIC
SCHOOLS, AND ASSOCLA.TIONS OF ENGLAND.
THE FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION.
^;;^^./ EULES OF THE ASSOCIATION.
1. That the Association be called " The Football Association. "
2. That all clubs of one j^ear's standing be eligible for membership.
3. That the subscription for each club be 5s. per annum, payable in advance.
4. That the officers be a president, a treasurer, and a secretary, with a com-
mittee comprising the beforementioned officers and ten other members. Five
to form a quorum.
5. That the officers be elected at the annual meeting by a majority of the
representatives of clubs present, the retiring oMcers to be eligible for re-
election. ^
6. That the general meeeting be held in the month of February.
7. That each club be entitled to send two representatives to all meetings of
the Association.
8. That in the event of any alteration being deemed necessary in the rules or
the laws established by the Association, notice shall be sent in writing to the
secretary of the proposed alteration, on or before the 1st of February in each
year ; and the terms of the proposed alteration shall be advertised in such
Bporting newspapers as the committee may direct, at leaat fourteen days prior
to the annual meeting.
9. That each club shall forward to the secretary a statement of its distin-
guishing colors or costume. . '
THE LAWS OF THE GAME.
1. The maximum length of ground shall be 200 yards, the maximum breadth
shall be 100 yards, the length and breadth shall be marked off with flags ; and
the goals shall be upright posts, 8 yards apart, with a tape across them, 8 feet
from the ground. •
2. The winners of the toss shall have the choice of goals. The game shall
be commenced by a place-kick from the centre of the ground by the side losing
the toss, the other side shall not approach within 10 yards of the ball until it
is kicked off.
15
3. After a goal is won the losing side shall kick off, and goals shall he
changed. In the event, however, of no goal having fallen to either party at
the lapse of half the allotted time, ends shall then he changed.
4. A goal shall he won when the hall passes hetween the goal-posts \mder
the tape, not heing thrown, knocked on, or carried.
5. When the hall is in touch, the first player who touches it shall throw it
from the point on the boundary line where it left the ground, in a di-rection at
right angles with the boundary line, and it shall not he in play untfl it shall
have touched the ground, and the player throwing it in shall not play it until
it has been played by another player.
6. When a player has kicked the ball, any one of the same side who is
nearer to the opponents' goal-line is out of play, and may not touch the ball
himself nor in any way whatever prevent any other player from doing so until
the ball has been played, unless there are at least three of his opponents
between him and their own goal ; but no player is out of play when the ball is
kicked from behind the goal-line.
7. When the ball is kicked behind the goal-line, it must be kicked off by the
side behind whose goal it went within six yards from the limit of their goal.
The side who thus kick the ball are entitled to a fair kick-off in whatever way
they please without any obstruction, the opposite side not being able to approach
within six yards of the ball.
8. No player shall carry or knock on the ball ; and handling the ball, under
any pretence whatever, shall be prohibited. —
9. Neither tripping nor hacking shall be allowed, and no player shall use
his hands to hold or push his adversary, nor charge him from behind.
10. A player shall not throw the ball nor pass it to another.
11. No player shall take the ball from the ground with his hands while it is
in play under any pretence whatever.
12. No player shall wear projecting nails, iron plates, or gutta percha on the
soles or heels of his boots.
DEFINITION OF TERMS.
A Place-Kick is a kick at the ball while on the ground, in any position in
which the kicker may choose to place it.
Hacking is kicking an adversary intentionally.
Tripping is throwing an adversary by the use of the legs.
Knocking on is when a player strikes or propels the ball with his hands or-
arms.
Holding on includes the obstruction of a player by the hand or any part of
the arm below the elbow.
Touch is that part of the field, on either side of the ground, which is beyond
the line of flags.
16
SHEFFIELD FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION.
1. The maximum length of ground shall be 200 yatds, the maximum breadth
100 yards. The length and breadth shall be marked off tvith flags, and the
goals shall be upright posts, eight yards apart, with a bar across them nine
feet from the ground.
2. The winners of the toss shall have the choice of goals. The game shall
be commenced by a place-kick from the centre of the ground, by the side losing
the toss ; the other side shall not approach within ten yards of the ball until it
is kicked off.
3. Ader a goal is won the losing side shall kick off and the goals shall be
changed, but, if in playing a match, half the specified time shall expire without
a goal being obtained, the side shall change goals, the kick-oft' being from the
middle in the same direction as at th« commencement of the game.
4. A goal shall be won when the ball passes between the goal-posts under
the tape, not being thrown, knocked on, or carried.
5. When the ball is in touch, a player of the opposite side to that which
Icicked it out shall kick it in from where it went out ; and no player be allowed
within six yards of the ball until kicked.
6. Any player between an opponent's goal and goal-keeper (unless ^e has
■followed the ball there) is off side and out of play. The goal-keeper is that
player on the defending side who, for the time being, is nearest to his own
^oal.
7. When the ball is kicked over the bar of the goal, it must be kicked off by
the side behind whose goal it went, within six yards from the limit of their
g^oal. The side who thus kick the ball are entitled to a fair kick-off in what-
ever way they please ; the opposite side not being allowed to approach within
«ix yards of the ball. When the ball is kicked behind the goal-line, a player
of the opposite side to that which kicked it out shall kick it in from the near-
est corner-flag : no player to be allowed within six yards of the ball until
kicked.
8. No player shall stop the ball with his hand or arm, except in case of a
fair catch, or attempted catch. The side breaking this rule forfeits a free kick
to the opposite side, and the offending side shall not approach within six yards
of the kicker ; but nothing in this rule shall extend to drive them to stand
behind their goal-line. The defending side shall be exempt from this rule,
Tivithin three yards bf the goal.
9. No goal shall be obtained by a free kick.
10. Neither tripping nor hacking shall be allowed, and no player shall use
"his hands to hold or push his adversary. Any player so offending shall forfeit
a free kick to the opposite side.
11. No player shall wear spikes, projeccting nails, or iron plates, on the
soles or heels of his boots.
12. An umpire shall be appointed by each side, at the commencement of the
^ame, to enforce the preceding rules, whose decision on all points during the
game shall be final. And they shall be the sole judges of fair and unfair play,
and have power to give a penalty for foul play of any kind. Each umpire to
be referee in that half of the field nearest the goal defended by the party nom-
iuatir J ^iT..
17
DEFINITION OF TERMS.
A Place-Kick is a kick at the ball while it is on the ground, in any position
in which the kicker may chooee to place it.
A Free-Kick is the privilege of kicking at the ball without obstruction, ia
such manner as the kicker may think fit. "^
Hacking is kicking an adversary intentionally.
Tripping is throwing an adversary by the use of his legs.
Knocking on is when a player strikes or propels the ball with his hand or
arm.
Holding includes the obstruction of a player by the hand, or any part of the
arm below the elbow.
Touch is that part of the field outside the line of flags.
A Fair Catch is when the ball is caught before reaching the ground, after
touching any portion of a player's person or clothing.
ETON COLLEG-E.
RULES AS PLAYED IN THE* FIELD.
1. The game lasts an hour, and is commenced by a "bully" in the middle
of the field.
2. At the expiration of half the tim(« ''goals*' must be changed and a.
"bully " formed in the middle of the field.
8. Two umpires must be chosen, one by each party; their position is to b»
at the "goals" of their respective parties.
4. The goal-sticks are to be seven i'eet out of the ground, and the spnfe be-
tween them eleven feet. A *'goal" is gaiued when tlie b^il is kicked between,
them, proyided it be not above them.
6. A "rouge" is obtained by the player who first touches the ball aftrr ife
has been kicked behind, or on the line of the goal -sticks of the opposite side,
provided th« kicker has betn *' bullied " by cue or more of the opposite side in.
tiie act of kicking.
6. As the act of " bullying " ©annqt b« defined by any fixed rule, the um-
pires must exercise tlieirjudgmnit' on tiVis point.
7. If the umpiie is una letjf^ivea derision a * bully " shall bo formed one
yard in front of the line, in a straight line with the fcpot >^hele the ball was
touched.
8. If a player kicks the ball behind, or on the line cf f^.e poal-sticks of the
opposite party, without being " 1 ullied. " or sliould the bait le fi»>-t loucho-l by
one of the defending part)'', no " rouge " is obtaine<l, »nd 1 lie WU must bo placed
on a line with the goal-sticks, and be ''kicked <ff" b\ one of ih t party.
9. When a "rouge" has been obtained, tl e ball )>m t be ] la'fnd hy; theruiti-
pire one yard from the centre of the goal-sticks at the end at which it was
obtained. ' • .-.
■ 1(3. No player on either side may move the ball, until the player " who runs
in " has touched the ball. - . ^
11. No player who is behind the line of the goal-sticks, before the ball be
kicked behind, may touch it in any way, either to prevent or obtain a
** rouge. "
18
12. Should the ball have been behind the goal-sticks, and be kicked before
them again without being touched, any player may touch it, and claim a
"rouge."
13. If a "rouge" be already, obtained before the time for leaving off expires,
and the time expires before the "rouge" is finished, it must be played out,
until either a "goal " be obtained, or the ball be kicked outside the side-sticks,
or behind the line of the goal-sticks.
14. The above rule applies also to a,ll "bullies" which have commenced, or
" kicks off" which have taken place before the expiration of the hour.
15. Should a player fall on the ball, or crawl on his hands and knees with
the ball between his legs, the umpire must, if possible, force him to rise, or
break the "bully" or " rouge. "
16. Hands may only be used to stop the ball, or to touch it when behind.
The ball may not be caught, carried, thrown, nor struck by the hand.
17. No player may hit with the hands or arms, or use them in any way to
push or hold one of the opposite party.
18. No player may kick the ball behind the goal-sticks of his own party.
Should this be done, and one of the opposite party touch the ball a "rouge"
is obtained.
19. A player is considered to be " sneaking " when only three, or less than
three, of the opposite side are before him, and the ball behind him, and in such,
case he may not kick the ball.
20. If a player stand apart from the rest of the bully, even if three or less
than three of the opposite side be before him, he is " cornering, " and may not
kick the ball; if he does the opposite side may claim a "btllly" on the spot
whence the ball was unfairly kicked, neither shall any "goal" or "rouge"
which is obtained by the player so " coriiering" count at the discretion of the
umpire.
21. On the violation of Rules 15, 16, 17, or 18, the opposite party may require
a " bully" to be formed on the spot whence the ball was unfairly removed, or
where a player of their side was unlawfullv prevented from stopping or kicking
the ball.
22. The ball is considered dead when outside, or in a line with the side-
sticks, and may not be kicked.
23. When the ball is dead, a " bully " must be formed opposite to the spot
where it stopped.
24. Should the ball rebound off a bystander, or any other object outside the
line of the sticks, it may be kicked immediately on coming in.
25. If a player be not present at the beginning of a match, or be hurt, or
otherwise prevented from going on, no substitute may take his place, but the
match must proceed without him.
26. A " goal " outweighs any number of "rouges. " Should no " goals " or
an equal number be obtained, the match is decided by " rouges. "
These rules were drawn up in the year 1847, H. R. Tremayne and A. R-
Thompson being the " Keepers of the Field. " Since that date they have been
revised and reprinted three times — in 1860, under the oflScial inspection of L.
Guy Phillips, and J. Do V.E. T., W. Finnis ; in 1857, of C. L. Sutherland
and A. Wilson Patten; and finaUy, in 1862, of R. W. W. Follett and
A. Richards. ^ ^
19
WINCHESTER COLLEGE.
THE GROUND.
Is to be a good level turf, in length about 80 yards, in breadth about 27 yards,
bounded on either side, lengthways, by a row of hurdles, or (as is more usual)
canvas stretched by means of wood- work to the height of "about seven feet, for
the purpose of keeping the ball within the ground. Parallel to, and inside of
either row of canvas, at the distance of about one yard from the canvas, a rope
is strained at the height of about three feet, which is intended to prevent in-
jury to the canvas. At either end of the ground, from the extremity of one
row of ropes to that of the other row, a straight lino is cut in the turf, about
one inch in depth and width ; these two lines mark the goals. "When the ball
goes out of the ground it is out of play till brought back again.
ARRANGEMENT OF PLAYERS.
Each side is divided into " up " players and " behinds. " There are gene-
tally two or sometimes three behinds on each side ; the test are nps. •
The ups engage in "hots" (see the Hot), and follow more closely on the
ball, wherever it is kicked. The behinds 4o not engage in hots, but wait for
the open kicks. One of the behinds on each side is called second-behind, and
generally stands a few yards behind hia own ups. The other behinds are
called last-behinds, and stand some distance behind their own second-behinda.
At the beginning of the game, which generally lasts one hour, the captains
of each side toss for goals ; and when half the time is over, the sides change
goals, the game being suspended till they have changed.
UMPIRES.
Two umpires are to be chosen before the commencement of the game. They
are to stand at opposite ends and sides of the ground ; each commanding a view
down the row of canvas and ropes nearest him, and also along the line of the
goal nearest him.
The duty of the umpires is to score the goals, and in all cases of doubt la
"which they are referred to, to give their decision, which is final. One of the
umpires must have a watch, to call the times of beginning the game, chang-
ing sides, and ending.
The position of the players at the beginning of the game, and of the umpires,
Biay be better understood by the accompanying diagram.
h B
B F
The liiMft A B and C D represent the line* of the canvas ; B F and d H those of ropee; S
O and F H thoa* of th* ^Oata fl'th''e^sl^i;M * ti>® players on one aide; o the players on thv
•ther lid* ; . the ball in the middre>^ fS^e the Hot.)
The umpires stand eithar'iit poinu £ and H or at points F and G.
20
THE GOAL.
To obtain a goal (for which one is Bcored to the Bide that obtains it) the ball
-mtvLut be kicked by a bound oflf gome part of the person of a player in snch a
wa/ as to pass the line of his adversary's goal. This general rule is subject to
conditions to be found under the headings, Kick-off after Goal, Kick from be-
liind, Tagging, Behjnd your side, Kick-up, Made-Flyer, Dribbling, Handling
the Ball (Case 4), XJnder-Ropea (Cases 1 and 2).
THE HOT.
The game commences with a " hot," ». <?., the ball is placed in the centre of
the ground when the ups, lowering their heads, but not touching the ground
(if they can avoid it) with either hand or knee, try to push it through the op-
posite party.
The same hot is repeated when the side have changed over, at the end of
lialf the game.
Also, whenever the ball is kicked out of the ground, it is to brought back
again, and placed on the ground near the canvas, opposite where it went out,
when the hot is repeated.
KICK-0^ AFTER GOAL,
After a goal, the side which has lost it is entitled to take, at a distance of
aibout 10 yards from its own goal, a fair and uninterrupted kick-oflf towards
their opponents' goal. Meanwhile the other side have retired to their own
goal in order to meet and return the ball.
If, as sometimes happens, a kick-off after goal bounds, or, from a high windj
jlies right through the opposite goal, this does not score, as there must be three
jkicks at least to obtain a goal, viz : — Kick-off, Return Kick, and a Third Kick.
KICK-OFF AFTER A CATCH.
If a player catches a ball which has been kicked by, or bounded off ths person
olf any of his opponents, before it touches the ground, he is entitled to take a
Tun of three yards, and kick-off. But if one of his opponents succeed in wrench-
ing the ball from him, that opponent becomes entitled to a kick-off under the
same circumstances.
£N.B. — 1. If the ball once touches the ground after being caught, and before
being kicked off, it may not then be kicked off. (See Made-Flyer.^
2. Also, when he who has caught the ball is being " run," and sur-'^
rounded by his opponents, his own side may help to extricate him.]
In the following exceptional cases a ball when caught may not be kicked off,
"but must be instantly put on the ground :—
1. When the ball which is caught has touched the canvas or ropes, or a
player on the same side as he that catches it.
2. "When the ball kicked off after the goal is caught.
3. Another exception will be found under the heading Hopes.
KICK FROM BEHIND. -—
"When the ball has passed the line of goal under circumstances which disallow
of its scorijig a .goal, being brought to any.^aift of the line of the goal It.
passed, it must be'kicked along the ground" towards tliV opposite goal by aJ
21
placer of the side -whose goal the ball passed. Meanwhile his opponents may^
•try to get in, the way of '* a score," his kicks, and also those on his own side,
may try to prevent them doing so by pushing them out of the way. A kick
from behind cannot obtain a goal.
When a player has kicked or touched the ball, no one on the same side may-
kick or touch it until it has been kicked or touched by some player of the oppo-
site side, unless the ball goes behind the player who kicked or tonched it^
i. e.j nearer hia own goal.
Transgressing this rule is called " Tagging," and a ball kicked by a '* tag**^
,0 cftnnot obtain a goal.
KICK UP.
A. player may not kick the ball highisr than the average height of the shoul"
der, i. «., about 5^ feet, unless the ball at which he kicks is either in the air
or clearly on the ground.
An unfair kick of this kind is called a Kick Up, and cannot obtain a goal.
MADE-FLYER.
A player may not, after kicking or otherwise touching the ball last himself
80 that it once touch the ground, kick it above the shoulder, even though it be
bounding. This rule includes " Drop-Kicking," which is unlawful.
A ball kicked in transgression of this rule is called a Made-Flyer, and cannol
obtain a goal.
BEHIND YOUR SIDE.
No player may stop between the ball and his adversaries' goal, so as to back
it up when his own side kicks it there, but must follow the ball up as much as
possible. If he is unavoidably " behind his side," and the ball be kicked toward*
him, he may not kick it himself nor try to prevent the opposite side from
having a kick at it.
A ball kicked in transgression of this rule cannot obtain a goal.
There is, however, this exception, that when a player kicks off a goal, the
tips on his side may stop near the adversaries' goal, in order to back the ball
up, and prevent them from returning.
DRIBBLING ,
Is entirely unlawful ; imd a ball kicked by a dribble cannot obtain a goaL
HANDLING THE BALL
Is allowed in the following cases only : —
1. For the purpose of kicking off.
2. For the purpose of catching a ball.
3. For the purpose of stopping a ball before kicking it.
4.. For the purpose of saving a goal, which may be done by touching
the ball before it passes the line.
5. For the purpose of shifting the ball to a convenient position whea
kicking from behind.
22
ROPES.
The expresBion " under " ropes is (for convenienee) used to express, not only
"flie ground in a perpendicular line immediately under the ropes, but all the
space between the ropes and canvas.
1. If a ball, when kicked, is under the ropes it cannot score a goal.
2. If a ball touches the canvas or ropes aft^er being kicked it cannot score
a goal.
3. If a player catch a ball, which either when kicked or when caught was
under or over ropes, it does not count a fair catch.
4. No " hotting " must take place under ropes, but the ball may always
be kicked when under ropes, except, of course, in cases of " tag," etc.
6, Holding on to the ropes is not allowable.
KICKING OR STRIKING
A player is unlawful under any circumstances whatsoever. Holding is also un-
lawful, except in the case of " running " a player who has caught the ball, and
even then, if it is done so as to throttle or otherwise purposely hurt the player.
Tripping up is allowable.
RUG-BY SCHOOL,
DEFINITIONS.
1. A Drop-Kick, or D^op, is made by letting the ball drop from your hands
on to the ground, and kicking it the very instant it rises.
2. A Place-Kick, or Place, is kicking the ball after it has been placed on the
ground in a small nick made with the heel for that purpose.
3. A Punt consists in letting the ball fall from your hands, and kicking it
"before it touches the ground. -
4. A Maul outside goal-line takes place when a player holding the ball is
held by one or more players of the opposite side, and if he cannot get free of
them or give the ball to some other of his own side (not in front of him) who
can run with it, he cries, "Have it down," when
5. A Scrummage commences, *. e., the holder puts the ball down on the
ground, and all who have closed round on their respective sides begin kicking
at the ball. ^^
<N. B. — For a Maul inside goal; cf. Rule 13.) "■:
6. A Fair Catch is a catch from a kick, or a knock on from thfe hand, but
not from the arm of the opposite side, or a throw on, when the catcher makes a
mark with his heel, provided no one else oh his side touch the ball.
23
PLAN OF THE FIEI^D.
Tliis plan does not represent the shape, but only the arrangement of the
ground ; it is better to have it an oblong than a square.
A
Vi . . . ... [^
i ; :
1 i 1
1 ° i
!T P P • TJ
A
" i " '^- ■«■;.! .'
1 ' !
A A A A Lines of Goal.
PP PP.GoalrPosts.
T T T T -Lines of Touch. ;
M Imaginary place where mark is made after a touch-dowa in goal,
O Imaginary place whence kicked.
Q QQQ Touch in goal.
INTRODUCTION.
Football is played on a large level field or piece of ground, near either end
of which is erected a goal, composed of two upright posts of indefinite height,,
exceeding .11 ft., placed 16 in. apart, with a cross-bar 10 ft. from the ground.
Prom each goal a line is cut to the edge of the field, called the line of goal
(AA AA), all the part behind this line is in goal, the part between the goals
being ths field of action. The sides are marked ofi" by lines similar to the line
of goal, and all the edge of the fi^ld outside them is said to be in touch.
(TT TT). [The part behind the goal-line and also behind the touch-line is
called touch in goal (QQ, QQ).] If the field is larger than the actual sp ice in
which the game is played, then the touch-lines and goal-lines are considered
as indefinitely produced. Thus much about the field.
The game is commenced by a place-kick (Def. 2) from the middle, the
object of the game being to kick the ball over the adversary's goal, which can
be done by any kind of kick except a punt. (Def. 3.) A goal may be
*' dropped " in the course of the game, by any player over his adversary's goal.
24
A goal may be '* placed " either after a touch-down in goal, or after a fair
catch. (Def. 6.) The touch-down is accomplished fn the following manner :
Any player who catches the ball, either fair or on the bound (provided he be
not off his side, vide Rule 6), may run with it if he can till he gets behind his
adversary's line of goal, where he will touch it down as near as he can to'the
goal, if possible between the posts. This feat is called " running in." The
method of kicking a goal after such a run in is twofold.
A. If the touch-down be too far from the goal -posts to try a place-kick at
goal (vide B), one of the side who touched it down takes it up, and makes a
mark with his heel inside goal-line, then touches the ball down in that mark,
retires a little, keeping inside goal-line, and then "punts" it out towards
his own side, who spread out to catch it. The moment it is punted, the
opposite side, who are standing at the mark and along the lino of their goal,
may charge as above, but if any of the opposite side have caught it and made
his mark, they are obliged to stop charging and not go beyond the mark made
by the eatcher. He who has caught it may either, if desirable, take a second
punt or proceed to place it for another to kick, as hereafter described in the
case of a fair catch, or else has a drop at goal himself. In the latter case he
may kick from as far behind the mark as he likes, and the opposite side may
charge the moment he kicks the ball ; or in any case if any but the catcher
touch the ball, the opposite side may clxarge and maul hira.
B. If the touch-down be v^r enough to try a goal, then two of the side that
touched it down are deputOT by the head of the side to take it out — one to
place the ball on the ground, and the other to kick it. Then he who is going
to kick it takes it up, brings it to the line of goal, and touches it down inside
or on the goal-line, and in a line with the place at which the player who ran
in touched it down ; if the runner in touched it down between the posts, he
touches it down at either of the posts. Ho then makes a mark with his heel
on the spot, taking care all the time to keep within the line of goal (and
touches it down in that mark as in A, v. ntpra.) The pla^yers of the opposite
side may then come as far as the mark,^but no farther, and may stretch for-
ward with a view of " mauling " {v. infra) the two who are taking it out, if
they do not succeed in the following action. The player who is to place-
kick, goes just out of the reach of the opposite side who are stretching forward.
He then, still standing within the goal-line, kicks the ball gently off liis toe
into the hands of the other, who is standing just outside the goal-line to receive
it. The moment it is in his hands, he makes a mark with hia heel outside the
goal-line, and of course as far as he can stretch in the direction of the goal-
posts,, which his opponents may prevent if they can by charging, but not until
the ball has left the toe of the player behind the goal-line. (This is called
•* mauling.") This however they cannot do when he has made his mark, so
that only in cases where they prevent his catching the ball, or he fails in
making his mark directly, or makes it inside the goal-line, or touches the ball
before it is off the toe of the other, do they succeed in mauling him. When he
has made his mark, he carries the ball out in a line with the mark, at right
angles to the goal -line, until it is at a suitable distance from the goal for a
place-kick. A small nick is then made in the ground for the ball to rest upon,
and in it he places the ball. If however the ball be touched when once outside
goal by any but the player who is taking it out, the other side may charge or
maul. The ball being placed in the nick the kicker takes a place-kick at it.
-^5
The moment the ball is on the g^und, the other side may charge from a line
drawn through the mark made by the player who took it out parallel to the
goal-line ; but the kicker's side may not charge till the ball is actually kicked,
and must all stand behind or on a level with the ball, in accordance with the
rules of on side. If the ball goes over the cross-bar, whether it touches or not,
at whatever height, it is a goal. If it rises directly over the end of one of the
posts, it is called a poster, and is no goal.
Whenever a fair catch is made (see Rule 4), the catcher makes his mark. At
that mark and on alevel with ifc. the opposite side may stand,, but not before it,
and the catcher may either " drop " it himself or place it for another to place-
kick it, at any distance behind his mark. The rules about charging for both
sides are the same as in the case of a touch-down in goal, as described above.
(B.)
If one of the opposite side^suceeed in touching the ball after .it has been
kicked and before it goes over the bar, it is no goal. "When the ball goes"
outside the lino of touch, except it pitch within 25 yards of the kicker's goal
(in which case it must be brought out in a straight line from wherever it is
first touched down), the first player who touches it down, takes it up and
brings it up to the touch-line in a straight line from where it pitched, and (a)
throws it out at right angles to the line of touch, where the players are stand-
ing in two lines to receive it, or (b) bounds it outside the line of touch, «. e.,
in the flebi of play^ and runs with it, or " drops " it himself; or (c) walks out
with it in his hands at right angles to the touch-lino, through the two lines of
players as in (a), and puts it down at a distance of between 10 and 15 paces
from touch-line, at his discretion, first declaring how many paces he intends to
walk out.
"When the ball goes into touch in goal it is considered as out of the field,
and is taken out by the side in whose goal it is, as if they had touched it down
in their own goal (v. infra).
"When the ball goes into either goal, either itis touch down by one of the op-
posite side, as nearly as possible between the goal-posts, in which case it is pro-
ceeded with as in the case of a run in (see above) ; or if the ball be bounding,
one of the side in whose goal it is takes it up and runs with it or "^ drops " it put
of goal, or, if not bounding, kicks it out of goal, or touches it down in his goal,
in which case the opposing side retire, and one of the side who touched it down
takes it out, but not farther than 25 yards, and " drops " it. (Accordingly it is
advisable to place posts on the touch-line to mark the 25 yards.) But if the
ball when so dropped out pitch in touch, it must be brought back and the
kick take place over again.
"When the player has the ball, any of the opposite side may either maul him or
pull him over, or get the ball from him, or else ** hack " him over, but he may
neither hack him and hold him simultaneously, nor may he hold him after the
ball is gone, except in case of Rule 18.
Generally, three or four of the swiftest runners and most expert at dropping,
remain some distance behind the rest, and are called " back-players," or *' backs;"
some, too, who are clever at *♦ dodging," play " half-back," /. e:, between the
back playera and the rest.
26
BULES.
1. Thete must be two umpires for every Big Side and House Match, one ap-
pointed by each head of the side (either having the power of putting a veto on.
any one proposed by the other).
2. Kick*oif from the middle must be a place-kick, and cannot count as a
goal; the opposite side must stand at least 10 yards before the ball.
3. Kick-out must not be from more than 26 yards out of goal.
4. Charging is fair in the case of a place-kick, as soon as the ball touches the
ground, but the kicker's side may not charge till the ball has been kicked ; in
case of a drop-kick as soon as the player offers to kick, but he may always draw
back unless he has actually touched the ball with his foot.
5. On side. A player is on side, when the ball has been (kicked, touched)
or run with (5 yards) by any player on the opposite side.
6. Offside. A player is off side when the ball nas been (kicked, touched) or
^,is being run with by any of his own side behind him.
7. A player entering a scrummage on the wrong side is off side, and a player
is off side even when a player on his side has kicked the ball from behind him
and then runs before him.
8. A player being off side is to consider himself out of the game, and is not
to touch the ball in any case whatever (either in or out of touch), or in any way
interrupt the play or obstruct any player. '
9. Knocking on and throwing forward are disallowed ; in case of this rule
being broken a catch from such knock or throw shall be equivalent to a fair catch.
10. It is not lawful to pick up the ball off the ground (except in touch, or
after it has been touched down in goal, to take it out) for any purpose what-
ever.
11. It is not lawful to take up the ball when rolling, as distinguished from
bounding, and whenever the ball is (in the opinion of the umpires) unfairly
taken up, it must be brought back to where it was taken up and put down.
12. In a scrummage succeeding a maul, it is not lawful to touch the ball with
the hand, except in the event of a fair catch.
13. Maul in goal. When a player, holding the ball, is mauled by one or more
of the opposite side, outside goal, and carried inside goal by the scrummage, then
only those who are touching the ball with their hands may continue in the maul
inside goal, and when a player has once released his hold of the ball he may
not again join in the maul, and if he attempt to do so may be dragged out by
the opposite side. (The object of such maul being, of course, to touch the
ball down.)
But if a player running in is tackled inside goal-line, then only the player
who first tackles him, or if two or three tackle him simultaneously, may join ia
the maul. . . ' .
14. The goal-line is in goal.
15. First of his side is the player nearest the ball on his side.
16. Running in is allowed to any player on his side, provided he does not take
the ball off tho ground or through touch.
17. Running in. If in any case of a " run" the ball be held in a maul, it
shall be lawful" for a player on the same side to take it fiom the runner, pro-
vided he is at the time behind him.
18. Any player obtaining a ball in a maul, must have it down as soon as
27
possible, when outside of the 25 yards' post. %♦ his own end, and any player re-
fusing to do so may be hacked.
19. Hacking above or on the knee, or with the heel, is unfair, and no player
may be hacked and held at the same time, except in case of Rule 18.
20. No one wearing projecting aails, iron plates, or gutta percha on the soles
or heels of his boots or shoes, shall be allowed to play.
21. Try at goal. A ball touched down between the goal-posts may be brought
up to either of them, but not between them.
,w 22, The ball when punted out must be within, and when caught, without
the goal-line. {Vide Rule IS.) ,^^ \
., r 23. No goal may be kicked from touch.
24. It shall be a goal if the ball go over the bar, whether it touch it or no,
without having touched the dress or person of any player, but no player may
^ stand on the goal-bar to interrupt it going over.
jl. 25. A goal may be obtained by any kick except a punt, {Vide Def. 3.)
' 26. The match is won by either side obtaining two goals.
27. That part of the island which is in front of the line of goal is in touch,
that behind it in goal.
28. The discretion of sending into goal rests \irith the heads of sides,, and
they are the sole arbiters of all disputes.
29. All matches are drawn after five days' play, or after three days if no
goal has been kicked by either side.
30. Two Big Side balls must always be in the close during a Big Side.
31. No Football shall be played between the goals till the /Sixth Match.
32. Three Praepostors constitute a Big Side, and? the player highest in the
school on each side shall toss up. _;/ ^% '
33. Old Rugbeians may play in any Big Sfde'match, and strangers in any
match (excepting the Sixth Match, the Old IRjfigbeian, and the Two houses),
with the consent of the heads of both sides, but only actual members of the
school may have a place-kick at goal.
34. The walk and the grass up to the wall in front of the Headmaster's house,
leading the Bar by Road, is in goal ; the path behind the island goal is a.lso in
goaL ^-fj
HARROW SCHOOL.
1. The choice of bases to be determined in House Matches by tossing; but
in the ordinary school games, that side has the choice on which the head of
the school (or, in his absence, the highest in the school present) is playing.
2. The bases are twelve feet in width, and the distance between them in
House Matches, must not be greater than 150 yards. The width pf the ground
must not be more than 100 yards.
N. B. — If the first day's play result in a tie the distance between the poles
shall be doubled.
3. The ball must be kicked oflf from the middle of the ground, half-way be-
tween the two bases.
28
4. When the ball is kicked, anyone on the same side^ hut nearer the opposite
base, touches or kicks the ball, he is said to be behind, only if one of the oppo-
site side be between him and the party who kicked the ball. Anyone who is
thus behind is considered as being virtually out of the game, and must wait
till the ball has been touched by one of the opposite side ; nor must he inter-
iere with any one of the opposite side, or in any way prevent or obstruct hia
catching the ball.
6. The ball may only be caught if it has not touched the ground since it wai
last kicked by the leg below the knee or foot.
6. Whoever catches the ball is entitled to a free kick if he calls three yards ;
but whoever catches the ball, and does not call three yards, is liable to have it
knocked out of his hands.
N. B. — The ball must be kicked without delay ; and the preliminary run
must not be longer than three yards {i. e., the utmost length to which three run-
ning strides would extend).
7. When a player catches a ball, he may take his three yards in any direc-
tion he likes.
8. If a player catch thd ball near the opposite base, he may try to carry the
ball through by jumping the three yards. If he fail in this attempt, no second
try is allowed, but he may return in the direction of the spot where he caught
the ball, and from any point in this direction may have a free kick at the base ;
none of the opposite side may in this case get in his way nearer than the spot
to which his jump brought him.
9. The ball, when in play, must never be touched by the hand or arin un-
less close to the body, except in the case of a catch, as above stated.
10. The ball if kicked beyond the prescribed limits of the ground, must be
kicked straight in again, and then must not be touched by the hand or arm,
unless close to the body ; and one of the opposite side to the player, who shall
have last touched the ball shall be entitled to kick it straight in.
K. B. — When a player is kicking the ball from behind his own base, he is
not compelled to kick it straight.
The ball must be kicked at least twelve yards in among the players, except
when it is kicked oflf from behind.
11. All charging ia fair, but no holding, tripping, pushing with the hands,
shinning, or backshinning is allowed.
12. After a base hi&s been obtaiiied, or if no base has been obtained by three
o'clock, the sides change their respective bases.
13. There must always be two umpires in a House Match, and if possible in
School Matches.
Their decision shall be final in matters of fact, but they are at liberty to
refer any question of law to the Committee of the Philathletic Club, if they
feel unable to decide it at the time.
N. B. — In the absence of umpires, the head of a side (who is always respon-
sible for the regularity of the play) shall act as umpire himself for his own
5ide.
14. It shall be the duty of the umpire in all Football matches to take away
a base if obtained by unfair means, and in Ilouse Matches to put oat of the
game any player wilfully breaking any of the Football rules.
15. No nails are allowed in Football boots within an inch of the toe or half-
29
ML inch of the sides, and none at all at the heel ; no spikes whatsoerer may be
tued.
16. The abore rules should be put up conspicuously in every House at the
beginning of every Football quarter, and new boys should be required to
make themselves thoroughly acquainted with them.
CHELTENHAM COLLEGE.
REVISED RULES.
1. Kick off at a distance of 30 yards, ♦. e., from the white posts.
2. If the kick off goes into touch, it must be had over again.
3. When the ball is going to be kicked off, both sides must be in a line with
; their white posts.
4. After a kick off the opposite side must touch it first.
5. The ball must be thrown out of touch in a straight line ; it must not be
/touched before it has touched the ground, and then bo kicked, not handled.
-6. The ball must not be touched with the hands in a scrummage.
7. No off-side play allowed.
8. If an umpire shall ste a player touch the ball, when he is off-side, he shall
call out " Off-side," upon which the player must immediately let the ball fall,
)er, if it be on the ground, must wait till one of his opponents comes up. Any
jone infringing this rule, after being warned, will be turned out of the game.
9. It shall be a goal if the ball goes over the cross-bar (whether it touch it or
ino), without having hit any player.
10. If a ball be drop-kicked over goal it counts; but not if punted, hit, or
'ithrown.
, 11. Fair Catch. A catch direct from the foot or hand of one of the opposite
•ide, without having touched one of the players on the side of the catcher.
iAnyone thus catching the ball may make his own mark, which will entitle
ihim to have a drop-kick at the goal. One only of the opposite side may stand
lup to this mark, but not pass it.
' 12. A catcher must make his mark after catching the ball, and before he has
rmoved one step.
' 13. A try at goal. When a player has got a touch-down, he must bring the
ball out in a straight line from the place where he has touched it ; but if it has
jbeen touched so far from the posts as to preclude all chance of a goal, it may
be punted out. If a fair catch be made off this, the catcher may make his
(mark and have a drop-kick at goal.
14. A ball touched between the goal-posts may be brought up to either of
Ithem, but not between.
15. The ball must be place-kicked, not dropped.
16. When one side gets a kick at goal, or a punt out, the opposite side must
:i»o into goal.
17. Charging is fair in case of a place-kick as soon as the ball has touched
tfche ground.
2fO
18. If two of the same side touch the ball, after it has been brought outside
the line for a place-kick, it shall spoil the kick, but shall count three rouges.
19. When one side has got nine single rouges, or three kicks at goal, the
other may make them change goals. Punts out count with the single rouges.
20. It is not fair to take the ball off the ground, either for a dfop-kick, place-
kick, or throw.
21. It is fair to run in off any bound of a kick, hit, or throw.
22. It is not fair to run in through touch, or through the goal-posts.
23. No player may be held or hacked unless he himself is holding the ball,
or is in the act of catching the runner.
24. It is not fair to hack and hold at the same time.
25. No one wearing projecting nails or iron plates on the soles or heels of hia
boots shall be allowed to play.
26. The two umpires and the referee shall be the sole arbiters of all disputes.
27. In every important match there shall be an umpire for each side (each
captain to choose his own), and a referee, to be chosen by the umpires. Any
foint on which the umpires cannot agree will be decided by the referee. ;p;)
28. Every time a side touches the ball down in their own goal, it shall count
one rouge to the other.
29. A punt out counts two rouges.
3^0. A try at goal counts three rouges ; but if the opposite side shall touch
the ball down when it goes behind it shall count one more rouge.
^31. Nine rouges count one goal.
32. After a goal has been kicked, the sides shall change goals. . ^
33. When a player is fairly collared he must put the ball down at oncOx
calling out at the same time, " My ball."
A ,d:
31
.^<DJE^.
This may appear to be a very superfluous piece of information. '" Anybody-
can kick ! " Anybody can ki<5k, in the sense that they can give a blow with
the foot ; but it is no more true in Football that anybody can kick, than it
would be true to say that in boxing anybody can hit with the fist. It takes
long training and practice to strike out as a prize fighter does, and in the same
' way it takes long practice to kick like a good Football Player.
There are two points to be acquired in learning to kick. One is to make the
ball go far, and the other to make it go straight. These are not, however, two
i distinct acquirements; accuracy is the first and primary ingredient of hard
kicking, and practice for one will be equally practice for the other. The young
player must first learn tha correct attitude and action for kicking. This he
may do, and with advantage, even without a ball. Let him make a line on the
ground, marking on it the place for the ball ; then toeing the line with his left
foot some eight inches to the left of this mark, pose himself as follows :
The whole body held erect, and inclined forward over the left foot, the chest
projected, the arms hanging quietly but easily from the shoulder, the left leg
straightened out and supporting the whole weight of the body, the right ley;
-also straight, but drawn up so as to hang just free of the ground. (Fig. 1.)
, Jn delivering the kick, the right leg is swung well back (the knee being bent
ia» little aa may be) and then brought forward with full force, the toe being
: raised as high aa possible, and the whole foot and ankle held rigid. The lee
: must be made to awing freely from the hip. (Fig. 2.) '
ia:o"^v TO b::igic tkce jb-a.IjXi.
Of course whererer the ball is struck, it will fly fronx the foot in gome direc-
tion or other ; but, to insure distance and acpurapy, itjjunecesiary for the toe
to meet it in one spot only. The accompanying diagram will best point out
this spot (Fig. 3), and maybe found a useful help to understanding the doscrip.
tion of attitude given above. Care must be taken to kick the ball accurately
in the centre, or it will inevitably fly off to one side or the other.
One final direction : The eyes must always be fixed on the ball under what-
ever circumstances it is played at. Accurate and effective kicking can only be
by sight ; therefore, at the moment of delivering the kick the eyes must be on
the bail. The diagram oaly represents the most effective spot in which to kick
the ball for distance ; if it be desired to make it run along the ground, it must
be kicked higher ; if to fly more perpendicularly in the air, the foot must take
it lower. To give the ball due impetus, the player generally takes a short run ;
it need not be long— ten yards at the utmost; but in every case where he kicks
the ball from the ground, whether it be at rest, or he meet, follow, or cross it,
he must use the same form in delivering the kick. He should specially
endeavor to kich equally freely with either leg. The best way to do this is to
practice mainly with the weaker leg ; the other will take care of itself. Besides
the Place-kick, and the various kicks that take the ball from the ground,
there are others that take the ball in the air. - These are the Half- volley, Drop-
kick, and Punt.
In the two former the ball is met by the toe just at its rebound from the
ground ; in the one case from an ordinary kick, and in the other, as it is
dropped from the hands of the player. The Punt is made by meeting the ball
let fall from the hands with the instep ; it is occasionally a serviceable varia-
tion ; but the Prop-kick, when practicable, is more effective, and certainly more
brilliant. . '
The ball is occasionally met with the foot before the pitch ; but except when
the ballis coming with but little force, and time is precious, this method is not
to be recommended.
^ The knack of kicking the ball with the side of the foot at an angle to the
line in which the player is running, is not difficult of acquirement, and is in-
valuable in actual play ; as also that of /* rushing the ball," «.<!., of patting -it
along with the feet while at speed, ^o as to keep it constantly within reach.
To do this Weil, with 'unabated speed, and yet without offering a chance to the
adversary, is the tie plus ultra of fine play.
33
HINTS VoR
YOUNG BEGIMERS IN FOOTBALL.
BY CHARLES W. ALCOCK,
Honorary Secretary Engliah Football Association.
BeUeve me, there is more science requisite to play Football correctly and
fekiUfullv than would be imagined by those who witness the game for the first
CrSath: surface there fa possibly nothing o^^J^^y ^^I^'^'^^^^IZ
a sport which has for its motive power the pursuit of an V^^^^.^f ^^^^^^*^^^^
•encased in an, outer cuticle of leather. It is easy «^«^|^' ^hmk m^^^^^^ but
there is an art in every thing, if we can credit the ^fl^^""^^^^. ^^^^'V^V-
composition of artistic skill necessary to the cooking of eggs- Let it not how
ever be inferred that there is anything laborious m the achievement of skilUu
agame which, above all others, can lay claim to simplicity in its general
arrangement as well as in its several enactments. It is easy enough to play
l^ot^air^ut this ease can only arrive after acertain ^VVrenUceBhrv^ntU
service of the efeort itself. It must not be imagined that to become an adept
at Football is merely the work of a day. To become an expert requires some
Stinat^al devotion to the game as well as determination and decision in no
; smardeg^^^^^^ A skillful tactition is made, not born, and there are many points
1 ^r' tud/which experience will alone enable the tyro to master. /'^^J^^h «
Ikick the ball itself is not so easy an affair as it ^0Y^d,*^PP"^\l5/tn Iw
I have seen many self-confident souls who have voluntarily ^^^^^^^ to their
, downflu and exposed themselves to ridicu e ^7 tlxe^r/^&l«"^"«^^,^^^^^
attempting their first kick. It is this first kick that forms the pnmary r^di-
ment to bl overcome by the student. It is easy enough, say 7^^ ^J^l^J. ^^^
, compare your feeble efforts with those of the crafty veteran, deep in the wile^^
of Football, and confess your error.^ See how erratic is the flight ^^ Jhe ball
from ypur foot, how limited the tra ectory, and how useless your attempts to
drive^thrsphe^oid to a respectable distance. See, too, how severe "the strain
on your foot itself, and how possibly a false step may ^^f ^^^^J *^^7^ ^^^^^^^^
into the ground, to the positive omission of the baU and to the 5«jtain injury
of the pedal mukes. Against this contrast the graceful flight of t^e ball from
the toe of a practised player. No awkwardness of motion ^^^r a^P^f^n^X^^
in the kick, but the leather flies straight as an »>^o^' t. JTJjSnl Us s^^^^^^^^^
from the gi^ound to give full impetus to its course without ^»«ting its strength
in the air See how in one case the ball seems almost to receive fresh speed as
34
it goes, and in the other how aimless and feehle the discharge ; then own that
in kicking a Football, as in most other occupations, there is an art, even if it
he one easy of acquirement.
To kick with full effect will soon he learned with practice ; still, as a
general rule, it is necessary that t^ left leg should be used something in the
light of a fulcrum, that the rigW leg should be kept quite straight and the
body slightly forward, so as to lend its share to the general motion. In kicking,
too, the toe should be w^ell elevated above the rest of the foot, the knee should
be firm, and the leg should swing freely from the hip. By this means all the
available force of the body will be concentrated into the kick. Care, too,
should be taken not to kick the ball too high, as in this case it will never be
lifted at any elevation from the ground ; nor too low, as in this extreme the
transit of the ball will have an upward tendency, and will more than lose in
velocity what it derives in altitude. A happy mean is what must be obtained,
and this will only come with experience. Practise kicking first with the ball
on the ground, and, moreover, practise with the left foot as well as with the
right, as the faculty of using both feet alike, with equal skill, goes far to con-
stitute a good player. One of the most essential cautions to a young beginner
is to husband your strength. Nothing is more common among novices than
to rush headlong over the field on the off chance of distinction, or of efiecting a
brilliant coup at the right moment. This principle of urging on jj'our wild
career is altogether a mistake, and always betokens the young and raw recruit.
A recruit should learn as much as possible to discriminate the chances, and
decide quickly to rush after a ball, as some do ^with no earthly • prospect of
wresting it from an opponent, is obviously a superfluous waste of physical
energy, but this species of play is so attractive to the spectators that it is often
unwisely adopted by old hands. Let it however be recorded that it is not the
player who studies the reckless game, but he who plays steadily and surely,
without allowing an opportunity to escape, or a chance afforded by the weak-
ness of the enemy unutilized, that renders efficient service to his side.
To play the game well requires more than an indiscriminate effusion of
energy. It needs a combination of perseverance and resolution, and essentially
the faculty of deciding when and where to seize the right opportunity.
Charging is a necessity of the game, and consequently the art of charging
should be studied. Still, while giving hints on the best method of using your
weight to the best advantage, I should like to discountenance all charging,
except when it is either requisite to the success of a movement or it cannot be
avoided. There is often more to be gained by eluding than by meeting an
adversary, and to evade one cleverly often gives an advantage which could not
be derived from a collision. But to charge well is an art, as I have before
stated ; consequently practical advice will be useful. I have seen most elabo-
rate details on this point, urging the necessity of *' keeping the elbows well in
to the side, the arms forced tight against the body, the hands elevated," etc.,
ad infinitum. All such, however, are merely theories, for it is mainly with the
shoulder that charging is done, in conjunction, at times, with the hip. It is
not so much the way in which you charge as when you do it. Be wary, then,
and, as a collision is inevitable, remember that " he gives twice who gives
quickly;^'^ If you can catch your opponent off his guard or off his balance be
sharp to utilise the moinent. You win half the battle by decision. Get well
35
under yonr adversary when you charge, so that you may obtain a leverage.
Keep your shoulder firm and your body knit together and you do much to
command success. Many players, too, have a fashion of introducing a valuable
auxiliary in the shape of a thrust from the hip, which is often more effective
th^ that from the shoulder ; bjit this can only be gained by experience, and
written advice will avail nothing.
Practise, too, constant dribbling, as manoeuvring the ball with the foot is
technically termed. Keep it as close to you as possible, for then you have
more command over its movements than when you allow it to get beyond
reach, and a stem chase is a long chase. Be careful, too, to study rapidity of
turning and doubling, as to be able to check your course and turn rapidly is
no small aid in the formation of a good player.
The ground should not be more than 140 yards in length or more than 50
yards in width, as a greater area, except in the case of large numbers on each
side, only impedes the game. In the selection of a ground see that it is well
drained; as nothing is more unfavorable to Football than moisty soil. Of
course a level piece is advisable, though much of the beauty of Football con-
sists in its hardihood and adaptability to circumstances, and any sort of groimd
can be utilized.
It is desirable in matches that a uniform dress should be worn by each
side, and here the primary colors, such as blue and red, are most useful in
rendering the two parties easily distinguishable, and thus preventing the
confusion which otherwise ensues. A tight fitting* woolen jersey is better than
a flannel shirt, being less liable to tear, and moreover is warm and comfortable.
Knickerbockers, or knee-breeches and long woolen stockings, too, are generally
worn, as they allow freedom to the legs ; and, in some cases, in very cold
weather, a rough, thick guernsey is not thrown away.
The flags that mark the ground should be of colors that show out in bold
relief, and the goal posts also painted so as- to be distinctive, for nothing should
be spared to avert mistakes by either side.
A good ball, with due caution, wiU last for years, and the expense is but
trifling. I should recommend the English Eugby (or sole leather cover) ball,
and of which Peck & Snyder, of New York City, are the agents for the United
States. With caution, I say, as much depends on the care that is taken of it
in wet weather. After a match in rain, see that it is well greased with tallow,
and put away in a dry place, otherwise it will get heavy and its elasticity
will gradually be lost. Moreover, some expense will be saved by the purchase
of an air-puinp for the inflation of the bladder.
Lastly, I would recommend the adoption of laced boots in preference, as
they keep th'e ankles firmer, and are altogether more suitable for the rough
work than those with elastic sides or shoes. It is not inadvisable to keep a pair
reserved for Football purposes, and here, too, in wet weather a judicious appli-
cation of tallow, as recommended in the case of the ball, wiU be serviceable.
I have found much comfort from the use of an extra pair of socks; as the feet
are thereby saved to some extent, and in rain the benefits will soon be dis-
covered. These few hints have been loosely strung together, and? hurriedly
written, without the chance of inspection or revision. At least, they are the
fruits of a lengthened experience, and if they tend to add recruits to the noble
army of Football players, they will have served their purpose.
ENGLISH IMPORTED FOOTBALLS.
THE RUGBY OR ENGLISH MATCH BALLS
Are made of vulcanized Indiarubber Bladder, with heavy outside leather
case, and are warranted to stand any climate and to outlast
Three ordinary Balls.
No. 1. 16 inches in circumference each $2 00
'' 2. 19 " " " 3 00
«' 3. 22 " " " 4 00
" 4. 24 " " " 5 00
" 5. 27 " " " 6 00
*' 6.30 " " " 7 00
THE ASSOCIATION BALL,
IMCade of heavy Canvass thorougrhly saturated with Bubber, very strong.
Ko. 1. 20 inches in circumference each SI 50
" 2. 22 " " " 1 75
" 3.24 •' " " 2 25
" 4. 26 " " " 2 50
" 5. 28 *' " " 3 00
" 6. 30 " u « 3 50
Pootball Foul Flags of Bunting, plain (without poles).. per pair 2 00
" " " " « (with poles) ^' '4 00
" " " " plain with initial letter of Club " 3 00
« " " " silk, " " " " 8 00
Football Stockings, all wool, long legs, assorted styles. *' 1 00
Ballot Boxes for Clubs, etc.. Black Walnut, new style... each 6 00
Football Pants, Shirts, Caps and Belts, same prices as Base Ball.
G-ymnasium O-oods
■
Peck & Snyder's Home Gymnasium, complete —
No. 1, $5 pO ; No. 2, $6 00 ; No. 3, $7 00
(Larger Sizes made to order.)
*' " Horizontal Bar (for in or out door use) . 12 00
" " Self-adjusting Eamily Gymnasium . . 15 00
Iron Dumb Bells (Japaned) per lb. 10
Maple Wood " .".. " 25
Lignumvitse ** " 50
Exercise Rings, maple, 3, 4 and 5 in. diameter per pair 50
Exercise Rings, different woods glued, 3, 4 and 5 in. " 75
Exercise Rings, galvanized iron, 3, 4 and 5 in " 1 00
Black Walnut or Hard Wood Wands, 6 feet long.... " 75
Trapeze Bars (hard wood), 3 and 4 feet long " 1 25
Eencing Foils, No. 1, iron mounts, wound handles.. " 2 00
" " No. 2, brass do, fancy wound handles. " 3 00
" " No. 3, brass mountings, extra wound
handles and fine steel blades... " 4 00
" '' Blades, No. 2x " 125
Haute Rapier Swords '* 6 00
Wire Fencing Masks, No. 1, plain *' 2 50
" " " No. 2, with ears '' 3 50
*' " No. 3, with ears and tops '' 4 50
Fencing Sticks, with willow baskets " 1 00
Wire Helmets (for broadsword and fencing exercise). " 8 00
Cane " " " " " " 6 00
Fencing Gloves, filled with curled hair, No. 1, plain. " 2 00
" " No. 2, gauntlets and fancy trimmed. " 3 00
Boxing Gloves (curled hair). No. 0. Boy's. per set of 4 3 50
" " " No. 1. Men's. '' 4 50
" " " No. 2. " " 5 00
" '' '' No. 3. " " 6 00
" '' " No. 4, *' " 6 50
Nos. 3 and 4, heel padded, 50c. ; or heel padded and ventilated,
f 1.50 per set extra.
Gymnasium Shoes, white canvass, low cut. . . .-. per pair 1 00
" " (Enghsh) indiarubber soles " 3 00
" Belts, fine, heavy worsted web, fancy
finished, * 3 in. wide each 2 00
u u u 2iin. " " 75
" Pants, flannel, any color, made to order. $3 00 3 50
Improved Striking Bags, each, 201b., $10 00 ; 251b. 15 00
301b to 351b. 20 00
NEW NOVELTIES
yon THK
These consist oi' mechanical figures of various designs, repre-
senting different scenes, and making most attractive additions to
the Toy Engine. They can be run separately or a dozen at a ti^e.
No. 1 — Dollar Engine and abov.^ fig-ures on board, with pulleys,
strap. &c., all complete, packed in woo .eu box fo7.- shipping..$3 60
No. 2 — Dollar Engine and above chromo lithograph figures on
board, piilleys, straps, &c., all complete, and packed in wooden
box for shipping $4 50
Pulley AVheels, assorted sizes and colors, for the Toy Steam En-
gine. 1 *er doz., assorted 8'''c.
8eist bv Express, O. O. 1^.
HOT AlE TOYS AM) MEOHMIOAL TIGUEES lOE
v^^^^^^^ THE TOT ENGINES.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7-
No. 8.
No. 9.
Ng. 14.
Cupid 15c
Q^rinder ,.15c,
Washerwoman ..15c.
Heathen Chinee. .15c,
Washerwoman &
Grinder 25c,
Wood Sawyer. . . .25c,
See-Saw 26c
Horseman 25c,
Blacksmith 30c,
No. 10. Banjo Player,flm'l 30c.
No. 11. Toung America.. 50c.
No. 12. Street Politeness. 50c.
No. 13. Grecian Bend.... 40c.
No. 14. Cat Fiddlers 50c.
No. 15. Large Wood Saw-
yer 50c.
No. 16. Banjo Player, I'rgeSOc.
No. 17. Monkey Guitar
Player 50c.
No. 18. Street Scissors
Grinder 75c.
No. 19. Music Teacher. . .50c.
No. 20. Shoemaker 75c.
No. 21. Organ Grinder . . .75c.
No. 22. Peace Jubilee. . .$1 00
No. 23. Wood Sawyer &
Wood Chopper 75c.
No. 24. Cat Concert.. ..$1 00
NOTIOE — One each of the 24 different kinds, sent, with a $1.00 Engiw
pulley, wheels, straps, &c^ packed in a box, for $10.00.
GENTS' SKATES
Ko. 20 — Sizes 7 to 10^^ inches. Monitor pattern, iron frame, pol*
ished beech woods, with solid heel screw. Price, per pair,
strapped $1 00
No. 60 — Sizes 7 to 11 inches. Solid runners, Monitor toe, polished
beech woods, holes for broad or narrow straps. Price, per pair,
strapped \ $1 50
No; 24— Eocker or Half-Eocker— Sizes 8 to 11 inches. English ^
pattern, tempered runners, with patent bolsters, polished beech
woods. Price, per pair, strapped $250
Sent t)y Express, C O. P«
PHYSICAL EXERCISE PUBLICATIONS.
PECK & SNYDEE'S
IWBIMI CiU© EXEBeiSE,
A NEW SYSTEM OF INSTRUCTION,
Containing a simple and accurate explanation of all the
graceful motions as practised by-
gymnasts, pugilists, etc.
Illustrated with Ten Back View Plates, Cloth, Price $1,00,
Manual of Physical Exercise, by Prof. Wm. Wood, 344
pages, 140 illustrations, cloth $1 50
The Modern Fencer (new) 40 illustrations of accurate posi-
tions, boards ♦. 60
The Modern Gymnast (new) 120 practical illustrations, bds.. 50
Foot Ball Book of Rules, as lately adopted by the Pugby
Foot Ball Union 15
Manly Exercise, 4 illustrations, boards 25
Gymnastics, 41 illustrations, boards 25
Pedestrianism, Running, Jumping, &c., 16 illustrations..... 10
Base Ball Player's Book of Reference, 80 colored iUustra-
tious i 25
Rowing and SaiHng, 8 illustrations, boards 25
Athletic Sports for Boys, a Repository of Graceful Recrea-
tions for Youth. Containing complete instructions in
Gymnastic and Limb Exercises, Skating, Swimming,.
Rowing, Sailing, Riding, Driving, Angling, Fencing, and
Broadsword Exercise. Illustrated with 194 fine wood
cuts. Bound in boards 75
Bound in cloth, gilt side 1 00
The Science of Self-Defense. A Treatise on Sparring and
Wresthng. Including complete instructions in Training
and Physical Development. By Edmund E. Price. Il-
lustrated. 12mo, cloth..... 1 25
'Bound in boards, 16mo ■ 75
Boxing Made Easy ; or. The Complete Manual of Self-De-
fense. Clearly explained and illustrated 15
Peck & Snyder's Home Cfymnasium,
OONSIBTINO OF
Trapeze & Swinging Rings.
Per Set.
No. 1.— Rope 5ft. long,
bar 2^tt , galvanized
iron rings Sin. dia-
meter $5 00
No. 3.— Rope 6ift. long,
bar 3ft., galvanized
iron rings 5in. dia-
meter 6 00
No. 3.— Rope Gift, long,
bar 3^ ft., galvanized
iron rings 5in. dia-
meter 7 00
Larger sizes made to »rder at
short notice. — Galvanized Iron
Screw Rings for above, 50o. io
$2.00 per pair.
PECK & SNYDER'S NEW MilDEL INDIAN CLDBS,
These Clubs are used exclusively by the principal gymnasts, both
amateur and professional, throughout the United States.
For Oentlemen.
6, 7 and 8 lbs. each per pair $4 00
10 lbs. each - " 5 00
13 « " " 6 00
15 lbs. each per pair $8 00
30 " " ♦' 10 00
25 " " « 13 00
For I<adies and Cbildren.
3 lbs. each per pair $1 50 I 4 lbs. each per pair |3 00
3 " " " 3 00 I 5 " " " 3 50
SooJb on Indian Ctub JExercite.
(A new py&tem of Instruction, illustrated with 10 back view plates, cloth. Price, |1.00.)
KEHOE'S BOOK ON INDIAN ^\.^l%—^\Illmtrati<ms,doih. $3.50.
Ircn and Wooden Dumb Bells, Wands and Goods and Boohs of every description perm
tmning to Physical Culture of Health, constantly on hand.
SENT BY EXPRESS C, 0. D.
PECK & SNYDER,
GKNBRAL AGKNTS FOB
THE DEWEY TOY STEAM ENGINE.
No, 1, Price $2.50, No. 2, Price $3.50, No. 3, Price $4.50.
Adapted to the ivants of the Student, School Room <0 Parlor
These are Genuine Steam Engines, with Boilers, Cylinders,
Pistons, My-wheels, Safety and Throttle Valves, and Grooved
Pullies for imparting motion to other Toys. They are designed
for something more than temporary amusement, as they afford a
continual means of instruction for old as well as young, thereby
proving a source of great pleasure and profit to all who use them.
Explosion impossible if directions are followed.
Full instructions how to work, and description of engine, accom-
panies each box.
SENT BY EXPRESS C. O. D.
GENTS' SKATES.
No. 38 — Eocker or Half- "Rocker — Sizes 8 to 11 inches. Monitor
toe, tempered steel runners, with patent bolsters and polished
beech Avoods. Price, per pair, strapped — $8 ; *•
No. 80 — Eocker or Halt Eocker — Sizes 9k to 11 inc!>pp. Solid
cast steel tempered runners, French polished beech woods, heavy
brass lieel and toe plates, and highly finished. Price, per pair,
strapped -^5 (0
GENERAL AGENTS FoR THE SALE Cr
Barney & Berry Club Skate, *^a^ Barney & Berry Rink Skate,
per pair $5 00 i^P- per pair $8 00
Sizes, 8 to 11 inches.
Sent by Express, C. 0. B.
Sk8.te Trimmiiigs.
We keep alwnv;^ on Lrad a full assortment of all kinds.
Keys for ]3ariiey c: Hervey's, Star, Eink, arid rll CVib Skates,
Each '. l^c
Steel Heel Plates, Avith screws for the same ior pair 15c.
o
d
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O
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Pocket Skate Gimlets each
Skater's Pocket Lanterns, round and flat.
t5 cts.
No. 1 each $1 00
No. 2 " 1 50
Skating Shoes i .....per pair 5 O'C
Skater's Text Book ....each .5C
'' Manual '' IC
Skate Bags, extra wool cloth *' 50c &7v
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SPORTING UNIFORMS A SPEGIAlTV
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Base Ball, Cricket, Foot Bull, Yachting, Bowing ami
Gymnasium Wniforms
CONSTANTLY ON HAND AND MADE TO OEDER.
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